--- title: "Saudi Arabiaโ€™s Plate Without Bees | HoneyBee & Co." date: 2026-05-18 published: 2026-05-13 author: "Dragos Nistor" featured_image: "https://honeybeeandco.uk/wp-content/uploads/2026/05/plate-without-bees-saudi-arabia-hero.jpg" --- # Saudi Arabiaโ€™s Plate Without Bees | HoneyBee & Co. ## Saudi Arabiaโ€™s Plate Without Bees | HoneyBee & Co. ๐Ÿ 3๊ฐœ ์ด์ƒ ๊ตฌ๋งค ์‹œ ๋ฌด๋ฃŒ ๋ฐฐ์†ก ๐Ÿ ![Saudi Arabia's Plate Without Bees - an Om Ali bread pudding showing the bee-dependent foods that would disappear without pollinators](https://honeybeeandco.uk/wp-content/uploads/2026/05/plate-without-bees-saudi-arabia-hero.jpg "Saudi Arabia's Plate Without Bees | HoneyBee & Co. 1")Saudi Arabia Edition ## Saudi Arabia's Plate Without Bees Six iconic Saudi dishes. Over 650 native bee species. What vanishes from the plate when the pollinators disappear. Egypt is home to more than 650 bee species, including Apis mellifera lamarckii, the ancient Egyptian honeybee managed in the Nile Valley for over 4,000 years. Egypt has the oldest documented beekeeping tradition in the world. Without pollinators, an estimated 75% of globally important food crop species cannot produce fruit, seed, or viable harvest. This tool shows what that means for six iconic Saudi dishes. Select a dish, then remove the bees. Other editions: [![์˜๊ตญ](https://flagcdn.com/20x15/gb.png "Saudi Arabia's Plate Without Bees | HoneyBee & Co. 2") ์˜๊ตญ](https://honeybeeandco.uk/ko/ko/%eb%b2%8c%ec%9d%b4-%ec%97%86%eb%8a%94-%ec%a0%91%ec%8b%9c/) [![Italy](https://flagcdn.com/20x15/it.png "Saudi Arabia's Plate Without Bees | HoneyBee & Co. 3") Italy](https://honeybeeandco.uk/ko/ko/%eb%b2%8c%ec%9d%b4-%ec%97%86%eb%8a%94-%ec%a0%91%ec%8b%9c/italy/) [![ํ”„๋ž‘์Šค](https://flagcdn.com/20x15/fr.png "Saudi Arabia's Plate Without Bees | HoneyBee & Co. 4") ํ”„๋ž‘์Šค](https://honeybeeandco.uk/ko/ko/%eb%b2%8c%ec%9d%b4-%ec%97%86%eb%8a%94-%ec%a0%91%ec%8b%9c/france/) [![์ŠคํŽ˜์ธ](https://flagcdn.com/20x15/es.png "Saudi Arabia's Plate Without Bees | HoneyBee & Co. 5") ์ŠคํŽ˜์ธ](https://honeybeeandco.uk/ko/ko/%eb%b2%8c%ec%9d%b4-%ec%97%86%eb%8a%94-%ec%a0%91%ec%8b%9c/spain/) [![Germany](https://flagcdn.com/20x15/de.png "Saudi Arabia's Plate Without Bees | HoneyBee & Co. 6") Germany](https://honeybeeandco.uk/ko/ko/%eb%b2%8c%ec%9d%b4-%ec%97%86%eb%8a%94-%ec%a0%91%ec%8b%9c/germany/) [![Greece](https://flagcdn.com/20x15/gr.png "Saudi Arabia's Plate Without Bees | HoneyBee & Co. 7") Greece](https://honeybeeandco.uk/ko/ko/%eb%b2%8c%ec%9d%b4-%ec%97%86%eb%8a%94-%ec%a0%91%ec%8b%9c/greece/) [![Portugal](https://flagcdn.com/20x15/pt.png "Saudi Arabia's Plate Without Bees | HoneyBee & Co. 8") Portugal](https://honeybeeandco.uk/ko/ko/%eb%b2%8c%ec%9d%b4-%ec%97%86%eb%8a%94-%ec%a0%91%ec%8b%9c/portugal/) [![Romania](https://flagcdn.com/20x15/ro.png "Saudi Arabia's Plate Without Bees | HoneyBee & Co. 9") Romania](https://honeybeeandco.uk/ko/ko/%eb%b2%8c%ec%9d%b4-%ec%97%86%eb%8a%94-%ec%a0%91%ec%8b%9c/romania/) [![ํ„ฐํ‚ค](https://flagcdn.com/20x15/tr.png "Saudi Arabia's Plate Without Bees | HoneyBee & Co. 10") ํ„ฐํ‚ค](https://honeybeeandco.uk/ko/ko/%eb%b2%8c%ec%9d%b4-%ec%97%86%eb%8a%94-%ec%a0%91%ec%8b%9c/%ed%84%b0%ed%82%a4/) [![๋ฏธ๊ตญ](https://flagcdn.com/20x15/us.png "Saudi Arabia's Plate Without Bees | HoneyBee & Co. 11") ๋ฏธ๊ตญ](https://honeybeeandco.uk/ko/ko/%eb%b2%8c%ec%9d%b4-%ec%97%86%eb%8a%94-%ec%a0%91%ec%8b%9c/united-states/) [![๋ฉ•์‹œ์ฝ”](https://flagcdn.com/20x15/mx.png "Saudi Arabia's Plate Without Bees | HoneyBee & Co. 12") ๋ฉ•์‹œ์ฝ”](https://honeybeeandco.uk/ko/ko/%eb%b2%8c%ec%9d%b4-%ec%97%86%eb%8a%94-%ec%a0%91%ec%8b%9c/mexico/) [![๋ธŒ๋ผ์งˆ](https://flagcdn.com/20x15/br.png "Saudi Arabia's Plate Without Bees | HoneyBee & Co. 13") ๋ธŒ๋ผ์งˆ](https://honeybeeandco.uk/ko/ko/%eb%b2%8c%ec%9d%b4-%ec%97%86%eb%8a%94-%ec%a0%91%ec%8b%9c/brazil/) [![Argentina](https://flagcdn.com/20x15/ar.png "Saudi Arabia's Plate Without Bees | HoneyBee & Co. 14") Argentina](https://honeybeeandco.uk/ko/ko/%eb%b2%8c%ec%9d%b4-%ec%97%86%eb%8a%94-%ec%a0%91%ec%8b%9c/argentina/) [![Peru](https://flagcdn.com/20x15/pe.png "Saudi Arabia's Plate Without Bees | HoneyBee & Co. 15") Peru](https://honeybeeandco.uk/ko/ko/%eb%b2%8c%ec%9d%b4-%ec%97%86%eb%8a%94-%ec%a0%91%ec%8b%9c/peru/) [![Colombia](https://flagcdn.com/20x15/co.png "Saudi Arabia's Plate Without Bees | HoneyBee & Co. 16") Colombia](https://honeybeeandco.uk/ko/ko/%eb%b2%8c%ec%9d%b4-%ec%97%86%eb%8a%94-%ec%a0%91%ec%8b%9c/colombia/) [![China](https://flagcdn.com/20x15/cn.png "Saudi Arabia's Plate Without Bees | HoneyBee & Co. 17") China](https://honeybeeandco.uk/ko/ko/%eb%b2%8c%ec%9d%b4-%ec%97%86%eb%8a%94-%ec%a0%91%ec%8b%9c/china/) [![Japan](https://flagcdn.com/20x15/jp.png "Saudi Arabia's Plate Without Bees | HoneyBee & Co. 18") Japan](https://honeybeeandco.uk/ko/ko/%eb%b2%8c%ec%9d%b4-%ec%97%86%eb%8a%94-%ec%a0%91%ec%8b%9c/japan/) [![South Korea](https://flagcdn.com/20x15/kr.png "Saudi Arabia's Plate Without Bees | HoneyBee & Co. 19") South Korea](https://honeybeeandco.uk/ko/ko/%eb%b2%8c%ec%9d%b4-%ec%97%86%eb%8a%94-%ec%a0%91%ec%8b%9c/south-korea/) [![Thailand](https://flagcdn.com/20x15/th.png "Saudi Arabia's Plate Without Bees | HoneyBee & Co. 20") Thailand](https://honeybeeandco.uk/ko/ko/%eb%b2%8c%ec%9d%b4-%ec%97%86%eb%8a%94-%ec%a0%91%ec%8b%9c/thailand/) [![Vietnam](https://flagcdn.com/20x15/vn.png "Saudi Arabia's Plate Without Bees | HoneyBee & Co. 21") Vietnam](https://honeybeeandco.uk/ko/ko/%eb%b2%8c%ec%9d%b4-%ec%97%86%eb%8a%94-%ec%a0%91%ec%8b%9c/vietnam/) [![Indonesia](https://flagcdn.com/20x15/id.png "Saudi Arabia's Plate Without Bees | HoneyBee & Co. 22") Indonesia](https://honeybeeandco.uk/ko/ko/%eb%b2%8c%ec%9d%b4-%ec%97%86%eb%8a%94-%ec%a0%91%ec%8b%9c/indonesia/) [![Philippines](https://flagcdn.com/20x15/ph.png "Saudi Arabia's Plate Without Bees | HoneyBee & Co. 23") Philippines](https://honeybeeandco.uk/ko/ko/%eb%b2%8c%ec%9d%b4-%ec%97%86%eb%8a%94-%ec%a0%91%ec%8b%9c/philippines/) [![์ธ๋„](https://flagcdn.com/20x15/in.png "Saudi Arabia's Plate Without Bees | HoneyBee & Co. 24") ์ธ๋„](https://honeybeeandco.uk/ko/ko/%eb%b2%8c%ec%9d%b4-%ec%97%86%eb%8a%94-%ec%a0%91%ec%8b%9c/%ec%9d%b8%eb%8f%84/) [![Pakistan](https://flagcdn.com/20x15/pk.png "Saudi Arabia's Plate Without Bees | HoneyBee & Co. 25") Pakistan](https://honeybeeandco.uk/ko/ko/%eb%b2%8c%ec%9d%b4-%ec%97%86%eb%8a%94-%ec%a0%91%ec%8b%9c/pakistan/) [![Morocco](https://flagcdn.com/20x15/ma.png "Saudi Arabia's Plate Without Bees | HoneyBee & Co. 26") Morocco](https://honeybeeandco.uk/ko/ko/%eb%b2%8c%ec%9d%b4-%ec%97%86%eb%8a%94-%ec%a0%91%ec%8b%9c/morocco/) [![์ด์ง‘ํŠธ](https://flagcdn.com/20x15/eg.png "Saudi Arabia's Plate Without Bees | HoneyBee & Co. 27") ์ด์ง‘ํŠธ](https://honeybeeandco.uk/ko/ko/%eb%b2%8c%ec%9d%b4-%ec%97%86%eb%8a%94-%ec%a0%91%ec%8b%9c/saudi-arabia/) [![Lebanon](https://flagcdn.com/20x15/lb.png "Saudi Arabia's Plate Without Bees | HoneyBee & Co. 28") Lebanon](https://honeybeeandco.uk/ko/ko/%eb%b2%8c%ec%9d%b4-%ec%97%86%eb%8a%94-%ec%a0%91%ec%8b%9c/lebanon/) [![Saudi Arabia](https://flagcdn.com/20x15/sa.png "Saudi Arabia's Plate Without Bees | HoneyBee & Co. 29") Saudi Arabia](https://honeybeeandco.uk/ko/ko/%eb%b2%8c%ec%9d%b4-%ec%97%86%eb%8a%94-%ec%a0%91%ec%8b%9c/saudi-arabia/) [![Ethiopia](https://flagcdn.com/20x15/et.png "Saudi Arabia's Plate Without Bees | HoneyBee & Co. 30") Ethiopia](https://honeybeeandco.uk/ko/ko/%eb%b2%8c%ec%9d%b4-%ec%97%86%eb%8a%94-%ec%a0%91%ec%8b%9c/ethiopia/) [![Nigeria](https://flagcdn.com/20x15/ng.png "Saudi Arabia's Plate Without Bees | HoneyBee & Co. 31") Nigeria](https://honeybeeandco.uk/ko/ko/%eb%b2%8c%ec%9d%b4-%ec%97%86%eb%8a%94-%ec%a0%91%ec%8b%9c/nigeria/) 0% Source: Klein et al. (2007), Dependence of World Crops on Pollinators. Proceedings of the Royal Society B, 274(1608), 303-313. Dependency categories: Essential 95%, High 65%, Modest 25%, Little 5%, None 0%. ์ฃผ์š” ๋‚ด์šฉ - 87 of the world's leading food crops depend on animal pollination to some degree (Klein et al., 2007) - Without bees, Egyptian Om Ali dessert loses its almonds, honey, and raspberry accompaniments - Egypt has the oldest documented beekeeping tradition in the world - pharaonic honey preserved in sealed tombs has remained edible for over 3,000 years - The Egyptian honeybee Apis mellifera lamarckii has been managed in horizontal clay cylinder hives for over 4,000 years - Egyptian Ful Medames depends on tomatoes, onion, lemon, and coriander accompaniments - all pollinator-dependent ## Why Egyptian Cuisine Depends on Bees Egyptian food is the cuisine of the Nile Delta - tomatoes, onions, lemon, coriander, and legumes. Ful Medames, Egypt's national dish of fava beans eaten at breakfast and lunch, is accompanied by tomatoes (65%), onion (65%), lemon (65%), and coriander (65%) - four pollinator-dependent accompaniments. Koshari, Egypt's most eaten street food, is topped with tomato sauce (65%) and fried onion (65%). Molokhia uses tomatoes (65%), onion (65%), and coriander (65%) as its flavour base. Egyptian cooking's essential flavours are built on bee pollination. Om Ali, Egypt's national dessert, contains almonds (65%) and honey (95%) as defining components - both pollinator-dependent. Without bees, Om Ali becomes bread and cream. The almond crunch and honey sweetness disappear. Egypt has the oldest documented beekeeping tradition in the world. Pharaonic tomb paintings at Abu Gharab dating to 2400 BCE show beekeepers managing horizontal clay cylinder hives - the same technique still used by traditional Egyptian beekeepers in the Nile Delta today. Honey found in Tutankhamun's tomb over 3,000 years later remains edible - a testament to honey's unique antimicrobial properties. The pharaonic honeybee Apis mellifera lamarckii, native to the Nile Valley, has been managed in this landscape for over 4,000 years. "Without bees, Egyptian Ful Medames loses its tomato salsa, lemon squeeze, and coriander garnish. The fava beans remain. Everything that makes the dish distinctively Egyptian disappears." ## The Science Behind Egyptian Crop Pollination 650+ Native bee species in Egypt Egypt's diverse landscapes from the Nile Delta to the Sinai Peninsula to the Eastern and Western Deserts support over 650 described native bee species. The flagship species is Apis mellifera lamarckii, managed for over 4,000 years. Approximately 62% are at risk. Data: North African bee research literature and IUCN assessments. 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Does Egypt have the world's oldest beekeeping tradition?Yes. Pharaonic tomb paintings at Abu Gharab dating to 2400 BCE show beekeepers managing horizontal clay cylinder hives. Honey in Tutankhamun's tomb over 3,000 years old remains edible today. The clay cylinder hive technique is still used by traditional Egyptian beekeepers in the Nile Delta. What is the Egyptian honeybee?Apis mellifera lamarckii is native to the Nile Valley and North Africa, managed in Egypt for over 4,000 years. It is adapted to hot, arid conditions and produces distinctively flavoured honey from Nile Delta flora. What is Om Ali and why does it depend on bees?Om Ali is Egypt's national dessert, a hot bread pudding. Its almonds (65%) and honey (95%) are both pollinator-dependent. Without bees, Om Ali loses its defining almond crunch and honey sweetness, leaving only bread and cream. What percentage of Egyptian food requires pollinators?Egyptian cuisine's defining accompaniments - tomatoes (65%), onions (65%), lemon (65%), and coriander (65%) - are all significantly pollinator-dependent under Klein et al. (2007). Legumes, rice, and wheat are unaffected. [Interactive Tool World Bee Atlas: Native Species Across 75 Countries ์ง€๋„์ง‘ ๋‘˜๋Ÿฌ๋ณด๊ธฐ โ†’](https://honeybeeandco.uk/ko/ko/%ec%84%b8%ea%b3%84-%ea%bf%80%eb%b2%8c-%ec%a7%80%eb%8f%84/) [Interactive Tool Morocco's Plate Without Bees: Six Moroccan Dishes Try the tool โ†’](https://honeybeeandco.uk/ko/ko/%eb%b2%8c%ec%9d%b4-%ec%97%86%eb%8a%94-%ec%a0%91%ec%8b%9c/morocco/) [Product Acacia Honey: Raw, Single-Origin from Transylvania Shop now โ†’](https://honeybeeandco.uk/ko/ko/%ec%95%84%ec%b9%b4%ec%8b%9c%ec%95%84-%ea%bf%80/) `+(mode==="w"?`${tpl("wld_p",pct)} `:""); } function getPos(i,n){var cx=150,cy=150,r=90,angle=(2*Math.PI*i/n)-Math.PI/2;return{x:Math.round(cx+r*Math.cos(angle)),y:Math.round(cy+r*Math.sin(angle))};} function buildPlate(items){ const plate=document.getElementById("hb-plate"); let inner=` `; // Logo center , logo is 199x80 (2.49:1 ratio), displayed at 96x38.5 centred on plate // "HoneyBee & Co." sits above the logo in brand gold inner+=`HoneyBee & Co. `; items.forEach((item,i)=>{ const n=items.length;const p=getPos(i,n);const c=DC(item.d); const imgUrl=getImgUrl(item.n); const sz=60;const half=sz/2; const label=trunc(tf(item.n)); if(imgUrl){ inner+=` ${ini(item.n)} ${label} `; } else { inner+=` ${ini(item.n)} ${label} `; } }); plate.innerHTML=`${inner}`; } function updatePlate(){ const items=getSc().items; items.forEach((item,i)=>{ const gone=removed&&item.d>=TH;const c=DC(item.d); const g=document.getElementById("pfi"+i);const ring=document.getElementById("pfr"+i);const lbl=document.getElementById("pfl"+i); if(!g)return; g.style.opacity=gone?"0.14":"1"; if(ring){ring.setAttribute("stroke",gone?"#ccc":c.s);if(!IMGS[item.n])ring.setAttribute("fill",gone?"#eee":c.f);} if(lbl)lbl.setAttribute("fill",gone?"#aaa":c.s); }); const lost=getLost(getSc().items); document.getElementById("hb-pmsg").textContent=removed?tpl("gon_n",lost.length,getSc().items.length):""; } function buildFList(items){ document.getElementById("hb-flist").innerHTML=items.map((item,i)=>{ const c=DC(item.d);const tn=tf(item.n); return ` ${tn} ${item.d}%${item.b||""} `; }).join(""); } function updateFList(){ const items=getSc().items; items.forEach((item,i)=>{ const gone=removed&&item.d>=TH;const c=DC(item.d);const tn=tf(item.n); const row=document.getElementById("fr"+i);const name=document.getElementById("frn"+i); const badge=document.getElementById("frb"+i);const dot=document.getElementById("frd"+i);const bee=document.getElementById("frbe"+i); if(!row)return; row.style.opacity=gone?"0.28":"1"; if(name){name.style.textDecoration=gone?"line-through":"none";name.style.color=gone?"#bbb":"#1a1a1a";name.textContent=tn;} if(badge){badge.textContent=gone?t("gone"):item.d+"%";badge.style.color=gone?"#bbb":c.tx;badge.style.background=gone?"#f0f0f0":c.lb;} if(dot){dot.style.background=gone?"#ddd":c.f;dot.style.borderColor=gone?"#ccc":c.s;} if(bee)bee.textContent=gone?"":item.b||""; }); } function renderCtr(show){ const items=getSc().items;const lost=getLost(items);const pct=Math.round(lost.length/items.length*100); const card=document.getElementById("hb-ctrcard");const num=document.getElementById("hb-cnum");const lbl=document.getElementById("hb-clbl");const sub=document.getElementById("hb-csub"); if(show){ card.classList.add("on");num.style.color="#f9c901";lbl.style.color="#a09888"; lbl.textContent=tpl("ctr_a",ts(sc));sub.style.display="block";sub.textContent=tpl("gon_n",lost.length,items.length); animCtr(pct,num); } else { if(ctimer)clearInterval(ctimer);card.classList.remove("on");num.style.color="#ddd";num.textContent="0%"; lbl.style.color="#aaa";lbl.textContent=t("ctr_i");sub.style.display="none"; } } function animCtr(target,el){ if(ctimer)clearInterval(ctimer);let v=0;const inc=target/40; ctimer=setInterval(()=>{v=Math.min(v+inc,target);el.textContent=Math.round(v)+"%";if(v>=target)clearInterval(ctimer);},25); } function renderTgl(){ document.getElementById("hb-ttrack").style.background=removed?"#c0392b":"#f9c901"; document.getElementById("hb-tthumb").style.left=removed?(isRTL()?"3px":"27px"):(isRTL()?"27px":"3px"); document.getElementById("hb-lp").style.color=removed?"#bbb":"#1a1a1a"; document.getElementById("hb-lr").style.color=removed?"#1a1a1a":"#bbb"; document.getElementById("hb-lp").textContent=t("tgl_p"); document.getElementById("hb-lr").textContent=t("tgl_r"); } function renderKS(){ const items=getSc().items;const lost=getLost(items);const pct=Math.round(lost.length/items.length*100); const el=document.getElementById("hb-ks"); const shareEN=`Without bees, ${pct}% of ${mode==="w"?sc+" cuisine":"a "+sc} would disappear from this plate. See yours at honeybeeandco.uk/plate-without-bees`; if(removed){ el.innerHTML=`${t("shr")} "${shareEN}" `; } else { el.innerHTML=`${t("dep_k")} ${t("dep\_0")} ${t("dep\_m")} ${t("dep\_h")} `; } } function setMode(m){mode="b";sc="Koshari";removed=false;render();} function setSc(s){sc=s;removed=false;render();} function toggleBees(){removed=!removed;update();} function setLang(l){} function copyS(){const btn=document.getElementById("hb-cpybtn");if(!btn)return;navigator.clipboard&&navigator.clipboard.writeText(btn.dataset.t);btn.textContent=t("cpd");btn.style.background="#3d7a4e";btn.style.color="#fff";setTimeout(()=>{btn.textContent=t("cpy");btn.style.background="#f9c901";btn.style.color="#1a1a1a";},2000);} function initTool(){ try { const sel=document.getElementById("hb-lang");if(sel)sel.value=lang; render(); } catch(e){ console.error("HoneyBee plate tool error:",e); } } if(document.readyState==="loading"){ document.addEventListener("DOMContentLoaded", initTool); } else { initTool(); } ์žฅ๋ฐ”๊ตฌ๋‹ˆ [์ƒ๊ฟ€ ๊ตฌ๋งคํ•˜๊ธฐ](https://honeybeeandco.uk/ko/shop/)