--- title: "Fabricius Nomad Bee (Nomada fabriciana): UK Guide" date: 2026-07-19 published: 2026-07-07 author: "Dragos Nistor" featured_image: "https://honeybeeandco.uk/wp-content/uploads/2026/07/fabricius-nomad-bee-nomada-fabriciana.avif" categories: - name: "꿀벌 카테고리" url: "/ko/bees-category.md" --- # Fabricius Nomad Bee (Nomada fabriciana): UK Guide 🐝 3개 이상 구매 시 무료 배송 🐝 ![Fabricius nomad bee, Nomada fabriciana, a small red-and-black cuckoo bee on bare ground](https://honeybeeandco.uk/wp-content/uploads/2026/07/fabricius-nomad-bee-nomada-fabriciana.avif "Fabricius Nomad Bee (Nomada fabriciana): UK Guide 1") *노마다 파브리카나*, the Fabricius nomad bee. [Janet Graham](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Nomada_fabriciana,_Minera,_North_Wales,_May_2016_(31798674201).jpg), [CC BY 2.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0), 위키미디어 공용에서. 노마다 파브리카나| Nomad bee (cuckoo) 일반 Red-abdomen 영국의 벌 종류 ## Fabricius Nomad Bee *(Nomada fabriciana)* Nomada fabriciana (Linnaeus, 1767) · subfamily Nomadinae · family Apidae --- Here is a small oddity of scientific naming: **this bee was named to honour Johan Christian Fabricius, but not by him.** Linnaeus, Fabricius's own teacher, described the species in 1767 and chose the epithet *fabriciana* as a tribute to his brilliant Danish pupil, then in his twenties and already at work on the vast insect catalogues that would fill his life.[\[3\]](#r3) Two and a half centuries later, a teacher's small gesture is still spoken aloud every time the bee is recorded. The bee itself is a rust-orange, wasp-shaped cuckoo, only seven to ten millimetres long, hairless and long-legged: one of the earliest nomads on the wing each spring and one of the commonest in Britain. It builds no nest and gathers no pollen. Instead it slips into the burrow of a mining bee, lays an egg on the cell wall, and leaves its own larva to kill the host young and eat the pollen store left behind. See where it sits among Britain's bees on the [영국 토종 벌 종 분포 지도](https://honeybeeandco.uk/ko/%ec%98%81%ea%b5%ad-%eb%82%b4-%eb%b2%8c%ec%9d%98-%eb%b6%84%ed%8f%ac/), 혹은 전 세계의 꿀벌들 중에서 [세계 꿀벌 지도집](https://honeybeeandco.uk/ko/%ec%84%b8%ea%b3%84-%ea%bf%80%eb%b2%8c-%ec%a7%80%eb%8f%84/). ## The bee at a glance 학명*노마다 파브리카나* 권한린네, 1767년 가족아피과 (노마디나족) 크기Small, 7 to 10 mm 색상Rusty-red abdomen, black 라이프스타일Cleptoparasite (cuckoo) 활성March to August, two broods 주 진행자*Andrena bicolor* 영국의 지위Common, England & Wales 전체 분류 체계 킹덤동물계 문절지동물 수업곤충문 주문막시류 가족벌과 아과노마디나과 속*노마다* 종*노마다 파브리카나* ## A bee that lives like a wasp Nomad bees are cuckoo bees, cleptoparasites of the mining bees in the genus *안드레나*.[\[4\]](#r4) A female *노마다* has none of the pollen-carrying hairs of most other bees; she is hairless, wasp-shaped and shining, with a single job. She finds the burrow of her host species, slips inside while the owner is away, and lays her own egg on the wall of an unsealed cell.[\[4\]](#r4) The genus name is Greek for "wanderer", after that habit of drifting low over the host's nesting ground rather than digging a home of her own.[\[7\]](#r7) What happens next is where the wasp-like life gets its edge. ### How a nomad takes over a nest The four steps of cleptoparasitism, from break-in to inheritance ## One host above all others Every nomad is tied closely to its host, and this one is no exception. Its main host across Britain and Europe is [그윈의 광산벌](https://honeybeeandco.uk/ko/%ea%b7%b8%ec%9c%88%ec%8a%a4-%eb%a7%88%ec%9d%b4%eb%8b%9d-%eb%b9%84/), *Andrena bicolor*, and where that small brown bee is common the Fabricius nomad is common too.[\[5\]](#r5) A handful of other mining bees are used more occasionally: hawthorn (*A. chrysosceles*), yellow-legged (*A. flavipes*), buffish (*A. nigroaenea*) and short-winged (*A. angustior*).[\[5\]](#r5) One of the odder consequences is the huge size range of adults in a single population. It is thought to track the size of the pollen cell the larva grew up inside: a cell stocked for a small host produces a small nomad, one stocked for a large host a large one.[\[5\]](#r5) ![Gwynne's mining bee, Andrena bicolor, the main host of the Fabricius nomad bee](https://honeybeeandco.uk/wp-content/uploads/2026/07/gwynnes-mining-bee-andrena-bicolor.avif "Fabricius Nomad Bee (Nomada fabriciana): UK Guide 2") Gwynne's mining bee (*Andrena bicolor*), the host this nomad depends on almost entirely. ## Two waves a year In Britain the Fabricius nomad bee is bivoltine, running two generations a year to track its equally bivoltine host.[\[6\]](#r6) Adults visit dandelions, buttercups and umbellifers for their own nectar, but never carry pollen home. Look for them not on flowers so much as on the ground, patrolling patches of bare, warm soil where the host's burrows are hidden.[\[1\]](#r1) Spring brood **March to June.** The first flight, chasing the spring generation of Gwynne's mining bee. Summer brood **June to August.** The second flight, tracking the host's summer generation. Where the small brown [그윈의 광산벌](https://honeybeeandco.uk/ko/%ea%b7%b8%ec%9c%88%ec%8a%a4-%eb%a7%88%ec%9d%b4%eb%8b%9d-%eb%b9%84/) nests, the red-and-black Fabricius nomad is rarely far away. ## 어디서, 언제 볼 수 있는지 The Fabricius nomad bee is widespread through England and Wales, especially in the south, and thins out further north with only sporadic records from Scotland and Ireland.[\[1\]](#r1) It turns up almost anywhere its host does, so nesting aggregations of Gwynne's mining bee on garden lawns, brownfield land, disturbed soil, chalk downland and open woodland are all good places to look.[\[1\]](#r1) It is also present across much of Europe from Ireland to Turkey, and across the Palaearctic further east.[\[6\]](#r6) ## Telling it apart from other nomads Britain has more than thirty species of *노마다*, and many look alike; a firm identification is often a hand-lens job.[\[2\]](#r2) The Fabricius nomad has three features that, taken *together*, no other British nomad shows: - **Banded antennae.** Reddish, with a distinct black band on the middle segments, giving a striped look in the field. - **Two-toothed mandibles.** Bidentate jaws, visible under a lens. - **Black labrum.** The small plate above the mouth is black, not pale. The abdomen is mainly reddish, sometimes with narrow paler bands at the segment edges. A larger, chunkier nomad with all-yellow legs is more likely to be [구든의 유목민 벌](https://honeybeeandco.uk/ko/%ea%b5%bf%ec%97%94%ec%8a%a4%ec%9d%98-%ec%9c%a0%eb%aa%a9%eb%af%bc-%eb%b2%8c/) 또는 [마샴의 유목 벌](https://honeybeeandco.uk/ko/%eb%a7%88%ec%83%b4%ec%9d%98-%ec%9c%a0%eb%aa%a9%eb%af%bc-%eb%b2%8c/).[\[2\]](#r2) ## Why a cuckoo bee is good news Cuckoo bees can look, at first, like a drag on pollination: they gather no pollen, build no nests, and their presence means fewer host cells survive. In practice the story runs the other way. A cuckoo is only ever as abundant as its host, so a healthy nomad population is a signal that the mining-bee community beneath it is thriving.[\[7\]](#r7) A lawn that supports a red-and-black nomad also supports the small brown mining bee it depends on, and the wider web of ground-nesting bees around them, which is why ecologists have proposed cuckoo bees as useful indicator species for the health of a whole bee community.[\[8\]](#r8) See how the pieces of that web fit together in [벌이 없는 접시](https://honeybeeandco.uk/ko/%eb%b2%8c%ec%9d%b4-%ec%97%86%eb%8a%94-%ec%a0%91%ec%8b%9c/). ![HoneyBee & Co. raw Sunflower honey, 280g jar](https://honeybeeandco.uk/wp-content/uploads/2026/02/sunflower-honey.avif "Fabricius Nomad Bee (Nomada fabriciana): UK Guide 3")#### 생 해바라기 꿀 Warm, golden and quick to set, drawn from the wide sunflower fields of Transylvania: a honey that happens to carry the same rusty-gold as a nomad's abdomen. Raw, unfiltered and traceable. 280g. £10.99. [해바라기 꿀 구매하기](https://honeybeeandco.uk/ko/%ed%95%b4%eb%b0%94%eb%9d%bc%ea%b8%b0-%ea%bf%80/) ![HoneyBee & Co. 생 아카시아 꿀 1병, 280g](https://honeybeeandco.uk/wp-content/uploads/2026/02/acacia-honey-600x749-1.avif "Fabricius Nomad Bee (Nomada fabriciana): UK Guide 4")#### 생 아카시아 꿀 Our flagship raw Acacia: pale, delicate and slow to crystallise. From the Nistor family's Transylvanian apiaries. 280g. £10.99. [아카시아 쇼핑하기](https://honeybeeandco.uk/ko/%ec%95%84%ec%b9%b4%ec%8b%9c%ec%95%84-%ea%bf%80/) ![HoneyBee & Co. raw honey, subscribe and save](https://honeybeeandco.uk/wp-content/uploads/2026/02/wildflower-honey.avif "Fabricius Nomad Bee (Nomada fabriciana): UK Guide 5")#### 구독하고 할인받기 20% Choose any single honey and save 20% on every delivery. Free UK delivery on any order of 3 or more jars. [전체 상품 둘러보기](https://honeybeeandco.uk/ko/shop/). [구독 시작하기](https://honeybeeandco.uk/ko/%ea%bf%80-%ec%a0%95%ea%b8%b0-%ea%b5%ac%eb%8f%85/) ## 자주 묻는 질문 What is the Fabricius nomad bee?It is a small cuckoo bee, *노마다 파브리카나*, in the family Apidae. Seven to ten millimetres long, hairless and wasp-shaped with a rusty-red abdomen and reddish black-banded antennae, it lays its eggs in the nests of Gwynne's mining bee and a handful of related mining bees. Why is it called the Fabricius nomad bee?It was named by Linnaeus in 1767 in honour of his Danish student Johan Christian Fabricius, who went on to become one of the most productive entomologists of the eighteenth century. The word "nomad" comes from the Greek for "wanderer", after the female's habit of drifting over the host's nesting ground. Is it really a bee, or is it a wasp?It is a true bee, but it looks and behaves in some ways like a small wasp because it does not need pollen-collecting hairs and has evolved a hairless, brightly-marked body. All bees, including nomads, feed their larvae on pollen and nectar; the Fabricius nomad simply lets another bee gather the pollen for it. 뻐꾸기벌이란 무엇인가요?A cuckoo bee is a species whose females do not build their own nests. Instead they enter the nest of another bee, called the host, and lay their eggs there. Their larvae eat the pollen store the host mother had gathered, usually after killing the host's own egg or young larva. When are Fabricius nomad bees active?They are bivoltine, with two generations a year. The first flight runs from March to June, chasing the spring brood of the host *Andrena bicolor*. The second runs from June to August with the summer generation. Almost any warm, sunny day in that window is a good time to look. What is the main host of the Fabricius nomad bee?The main host is [그윈의 광산벌](https://honeybeeandco.uk/ko/%ea%b7%b8%ec%9c%88%ec%8a%a4-%eb%a7%88%ec%9d%b4%eb%8b%9d-%eb%b9%84/) (*Andrena bicolor*). Where Gwynne's mining bee nests in numbers, the Fabricius nomad is usually not far behind. Several other mining bees are used less often. Do Fabricius nomad bees sting?Very rarely. Solitary bees carry a sting but almost never use it. The Fabricius nomad has no colony or store of provisions to defend, is not territorial, and is completely safe around people. Does the Fabricius nomad bee make honey?No. Solitary bees, including cuckoos, do not make honey in harvestable quantities. Only the honeybee does. Compare the bee families in the [세계 꿀벌 지도집](https://honeybeeandco.uk/ko/%ec%84%b8%ea%b3%84-%ea%bf%80%eb%b2%8c-%ec%a7%80%eb%8f%84/). ## 관련 종 [Fellow Nomada굿든의 노마드 비 노마다 구데니아나더 보기 →](https://honeybeeandco.uk/ko/%ea%b5%bf%ec%97%94%ec%8a%a4%ec%9d%98-%ec%9c%a0%eb%aa%a9%eb%af%bc-%eb%b2%8c/) [Fellow Nomada마샴의 유목민 벌 노마다 마샤멜라더 보기 →](https://honeybeeandco.uk/ko/%eb%a7%88%ec%83%b4%ec%9d%98-%ec%9c%a0%eb%aa%a9%eb%af%bc-%eb%b2%8c/) [Fellow Nomada그림이 그려진 유목민 벌 노마다 푸카타더 보기 →](https://honeybeeandco.uk/ko/%ea%b7%b8%eb%a6%bc-%ec%86%8d%ec%9d%98-%ec%9c%a0%eb%aa%a9%eb%af%bc-%eb%b2%8c/) ## 출처 및 참고 문헌 1. BWARS (꿀벌·말벌·개미 기록 협회). 종 설명: *노마다 파브리카나* (Linnaeus, 1767): identification by reddish banded antennae, bidentate mandibles and black labrum, main host *Andrena bicolor*, wide English and Welsh distribution. bwars.com. 2. Falk, S. *영국과 아일랜드의 벌에 관한 현장 가이드*, Bloomsbury, and the Steven Falk Flickr collection: separation from other British *노마다* by antennal banding and mandible shape. 3. Linnaeus, C. (1767), *Systema Naturae*, 12th edition, original description. Etymology: the specific epithet *fabriciana* honours Johan Christian Fabricius (1745 to 1808), Danish entomologist and Linnaeus's pupil; *노마다* from Greek for "wanderer" (NBN Atlas; GBIF). 4. Rozen Jr, J.G. (1991). Evolution of cleptoparasitism in bees, with implications for their biology. *American Museum Novitates* (nomad-bee larval mandibles, egg placement in host cells, killing of host young). Also Odanaka *등.* (2022) for phylogenetic host relations of Nomadinae. 5. Falk, S. & Lewington, R. (2019). *영국과 아일랜드의 벌에 관한 현장 가이드* (revised edition): main host *Andrena bicolor*, additional hosts *A. chrysosceles*, *A. flavipes*, *A. angustior* 그리고 *A. nigroaenea*, size variation with host. 6. 크롤리, L.M. *등.* (2023). The genome sequence of Fabricius' Nomad Bee, *노마다 파브리카나* (Linnaeus, 1767). *웰컴 오픈 리서치* 8:504 (Palaearctic distribution, UK status, bivoltinism, family placement). 7. Else, G.R. 및 Edwards, M. (2018). *『영국 제도의 벌에 관한 핸드북』*. Ray Society (Nomadinae biology, cleptoparasitism and the relationship between host abundance and cuckoo abundance). 8. Sheffield, C.S., Pindar, A., Packer, L. & Kevan, P.G. (2013). The potential of cleptoparasitic bees as indicator taxa for assessing bee communities. *Apidologie* 44: 501 to 510. ![HoneyBee & Co.의 창립자 Dragos Nistor](https://honeybeeandco.uk/wp-content/uploads/2026/03/Dragos-Nistor-Founder-at-HoneyBee-Co.-.jpg "Fabricius Nomad Bee (Nomada fabriciana): UK Guide 6")Dragos Nistor HoneyBee & Co. 설립자 · 그리니치 대학교 객원 강사 HoneyBee & Co.는 6대에 걸쳐 이어져 온 가족의 양봉 전통을 바탕으로, 니스토르(Nistor) 가문의 양봉장과 엄선된 영국 생산자들로부터 공급받은 꿀을 사용합니다. 당사의 영국산 꿀 공급업체는 SALSA 인증을 보유하고 있으며, 15% NHS 할인을 제공합니다. 모든 병은 가공되지 않은 생꿀로, 여과 과정을 거치지 않았으며, 어느 벌통에서 생산되었는지 추적할 수 있습니다. 장바구니 [생꿀 구매하기](https://honeybeeandco.uk/ko/shop/)